<p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">【需要电子书、电商视频课程,135~6732~9689】<br /></p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">《变形记》是弗朗茨·卡夫卡创作的中篇小说。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">故事的主人公格里高尔·萨姆沙是一家公司的旅行推销员,他日复一日地奔波于旅途之中,辛苦支撑着整个家庭的花销。他在家中颇受父母和妹妹的尊敬。然而,有一天早上,格里高尔从不安的睡梦中醒来,发现自己竟然变成了一只巨大的甲虫,连从床上翻身起来都做不到。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">当母亲、父亲、妹妹敲响格里高尔的房门时,他们起初都很关心他的状况。公司的秘书主任先生也前来探望,但格里高尔竭尽全力翻身下床,拿到钥匙打开房门后却吓晕了秘书主任和母亲。他被盛怒的父亲用手杖赶回了卧室,在驱赶中还受了伤,晕倒在房间里。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">醒来之后,格里高尔发现房间被从外面锁上了,家人也不再像之前那样频繁地来看望他。妹妹每天心惊胆战地但又嫌弃地给他准备食物,随着时间的流逝,格里高尔逐渐适应了变成甲虫的生活。尽管他被锁在房间里,对所有事情都无能为力,但仍旧关心父亲的债务问题、如何送妹妹去音乐学院以及家里的各种琐事。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">可是,家人对格里高尔的态度却越来越厌恶。他不小心吓晕了母亲,父亲为此气愤不已,用盘子里的苹果接连砸向格里高尔,其中一只苹果嵌进了他的背部。为了能够继续生存,格里高尔的家人只能打工挣钱,他们对变为甲虫的格里高尔忍无可忍。妹妹提出将哥哥赶出家门。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">某天凌晨,格里高尔孤独地死去。而他的父母和妹妹发现后都如释重负,他们搭上去郊外的电车,畅想着未来的生活。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">这部小说的主题包括人的异化、生存恐惧以及人性的冷漠等。它通过格里高尔的遭遇,反映了资本主义社会中人们被金钱、产品和机器驱使胁迫,逐渐失去自我本性,异化为“非人”存在的现实;也象征着人类生活中灾难降临时的恐慌,体现了现代人无法掌握自己命运的精神状态;同时详细描写了格里高尔家人对他从关心到厌恶,再到将其置于死地的过程,突出表现了资本主义社会人性的冷漠。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">在艺术特色上,小说主要采用第三人称有限视角叙事,叙述者局限于故事中某个人物的感知、思想等,使读者产生仿佛自己正在经历故事的幻觉,同时也创造了悬念。此外,作者的叙述冷峻客观,即使情节离奇惊骇,也能不动声色地冷静描述,这种叙述态度和故事内容之间的强烈反差形成怪诞感,激发读者对现代人的生存现状进行思考。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">《变形记》是卡夫卡的经典作品之一,被评为20世纪世界10部影响深远的小说之一,影响历史进程的100本书之一,其中文译本被收入上海、广东等省市的高中语文教材,还被多次改编为影视作品和舞台剧。</p>
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Publishing Since
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September 8, 2024
September 8, 2024
September 8, 2024
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