<p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">【需要电子书、电商视频课程,135~6732~9689】<br /></p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">《活着》的主人公福贵本是一个富家少爷,因好赌败光了家业,变得一贫如洗,父亲也被他气死。此后,福贵开始和妻子家珍过起了贫苦的日子。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">在福贵贫困的生活中,母亲生病了,他去城里请郎中时被国民党大兵抓去当了壮丁。战场上,几千个伤兵被抬到坑道附近的空地上,他们刚被抬到时疼得“嗷嗷直叫”,福贵和春生看着心里直发寒。到了夜晚,伤兵们的惨叫声“像是在哭,又像是在笑”,后半夜就只剩“不多的几个人还在呜呜地响”,第二天福贵醒来,看到的是几千伤号全死了,上面盖着一层薄薄的雪花,老全只说了两个字“惨啊”。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">经过多年,福贵终于有机会回家,激动的他除了一遍一遍叫着“连长”,什么都说不出来,因为他曾目睹县长的仆人因说要回家差点被打死,所以他对“回家”这件事有阴影。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">回家后,福贵发现女儿凤霞因一场高烧变得又聋又哑。尽管生活艰难,一家人还是努力生活着。为了让儿子有庆上学,福贵曾把凤霞送人,但她自己半夜又走了回来。福贵看见她,竟忘了凤霞听不见,说:“凤霞,快进来。”</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">后来,有庆在学校赢了比赛,老师给他买了糖。回家后他把糖放在床上,先是分成三份,接着又想分成四份,最后还是分成了三份。之前福贵在学校打了有庆,让他丢了脸,之后有庆很长时间不理福贵。福贵为哄他开心买了只羊,有庆虽然开心,但还是没忘记当众出丑的事。长跑比赛时,福贵高兴地夸他,有庆却赶紧往四周看,不想让同学看到他爹。分糖时,他犹豫再三,最后还是没留给他爹。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">然而,命运的悲剧却不断降临。有庆积极主动去医院为女校长献血,却被医生抽血过多而导致死亡。福贵得知真相后,发疯般地要杀医生,却发现女校长的丈夫竟是他当兵时的战友春生。善良的福贵选择了忍受和原谅,他说:“春生,你欠了我一条命,你下辈子再还给我吧。”</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">不久后,凤霞找到了好男人二喜,过上了虽不富足却美满幸福的生活。但凤霞生孩子时难产,大出血死了,和有庆死在了同一个医院,死后躺在同一间屋子。福贵亲手埋葬了女儿,把她和有庆埋在了一起。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">三个月后,家珍也离开了人世。四年后,女婿二喜在工地干活时,意外被水泥板砸成重伤,也死在了那家医院。从此,福贵与小外孙苦根相依为命。在苦根七岁那年夏天,因为头晕发烧,福贵心疼孩子,给他煮了半锅新鲜豆子吃,没想到苦根却因吃豆子撑死了。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">经历了众多亲人的离世,福贵却依然坚强地活着。他回忆往事时说:“我是有时候想想伤心,有时候想想又很踏实,家里人全是我送的葬,全是我亲手埋的,到了有一天我腿一伸,也不用担心谁了。”</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">小说中,作者余华没有过多地描写人物的外貌,而是通过一个个生动的细节,展现了福贵一家人在苦难生活中的坚韧与温情,让读者深刻感受到了生活的苦难与不易,以及在苦难中顽强活着的精神力量。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">例如,福贵三次忘记凤霞是哑巴,都是在情绪激动的时候,这一细节巧妙地写出了他的情绪波动;家珍说她什么都不图,只求每年能给福贵做双鞋,以及她说来世还要和福贵做夫妻,体现了她对福贵的深情;二喜第二次到福贵家就带了人修房子,还为家珍做小桌子,以及背着苦根拉货,通过这些细节表现出了他的踏实和细心。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">又如,福贵埋葬有庆时,“有庆躺在坑里,越看越小,不像是活了十三年,倒像是家珍才把他生出来,我用手把土盖上去,把小石子都捡出来,我怕石子硌得他身体疼”,这句话表现出了福贵对儿子的怜爱、心疼、后悔和遗憾;家珍“扑”在有庆坟上,“两只手在坟上像是要摸有庆,可她一点力气都没有,只有几根指头稍稍动着”,一个“扑”字体现出家珍的痛心。</p><span><br /></span><p style="color:#333333;font-weight:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:30px;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;hyphens:auto;text-align:justify;">这些细节使故事中的人物形象更加丰满、鲜活,也更能打动读者的心。《活着》通过福贵的一生,揭示了人在面对苦难时的无奈和坚韧,强调了人是为了活着本身而活着的深刻主题。</p>
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8/15/2024
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September 16, 2024
September 16, 2024
September 16, 2024
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