by Chris Masterjohn, PhD
Welcome to the Mastering Nutrition podcast. Mastering Nutrition is hosted by Chris Masterjohn, a nutrition scientist focused on optimizing mitochondrial health, and founder of BioOptHealth, a program that uses whole genome sequencing, a comprehensive suite of biochemical data, cutting-edge research and deep scientific insights to optimize each person's metabolism by finding their own unique unlocks. He received his PhD in Nutritional Sciences from University of Connecticut at Storrs in 2012, served as a postdoctoral research associate in the Comparative Biosciences department of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's College of Veterinary Medicine from 2012-2014, served as Assistant Professor of Health and Nutrition Sciences at Brooklyn College from 2014-2017, and now works independently in science research and education.
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September 6, 2024
<p dir="ltr">For a long time, most people believed that when we exercise, our muscles make lactic acid, this acidifies the muscles, and the acidity contributes to contractile failure, fatigue, and delayed-onset muscle soreness. Some people still believe this.</p> <p dir="ltr">You may have heard the argument against it from well-known figures like Andy Galpin, or, if you’re deep into the science, you may have read the work of George Brooks.</p> <p dir="ltr">In this lesson, we are going to cover the biochemistry of lactate production. We will see that we never make lactic acid, ever. We make lactate. Making lactate is fundamentally alkalinizing.</p> <p dir="ltr">We will take a look at the presentation of glycolysis in the Berg and Lehninger biochemistry textbooks to see that, on the one hand, they give us everything we need to know to understand that the human body never makes lactic acid, but, on the other hand, they really do not equip us well to understand where acidity does comes from during exercise. This is because they do not consider acid-base balance important enough to completely present the proton balances of the chemical reactions.</p> <p dir="ltr">Finally, we will cover what does cause muscular fatigue, take a look at the research on lactate supplements, and come to some conclusions about the best way to manage acidity during exercise to maximize performance.</p> <p dir="ltr">This is part of a larger course on the biochemistry of how we derive energy from food and use it to fuel our wellness, performance, and longevity. Take the full course here:</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href= "https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/masterclass-with-masterjohn-energy"> https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/masterclass-with-masterjohn-energy</a></p> <p dir="ltr">To see the slides, watch this lesson on youtube:</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href= "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrpbLllsSHQ">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrpbLllsSHQ</a> </p> <p dir="ltr">To obtain the written version with timestamped slides for better studying, see here:</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href= "https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/how-lactate-alkalinizes-your-muscles"> https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/how-lactate-alkalinizes-your-muscles</a></p> <p dir="ltr">This lesson is free for one week. After that it will be reserved for Masterpass members. You can learn more about the Masterpass here:</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href= "https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/about">https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/about</a> </p> <p dir="ltr">You can subscribe to the Masterpass here:</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href= "https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/subscribe">https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/subscribe</a> </p> <p dir="ltr">2:52 How textbooks present glycolysis</p> <p dir="ltr">3:36 What is acidity?</p> <p dir="ltr">4:32 The acidfying and alkalinizing phases of glycolysis</p> <p dir="ltr">7:09 Glycolysis: A brief review</p> <p dir="ltr">10:08 The Principles</p> <p dir="ltr">29:33 The Reactions -- and Where the Textbooks Go Wrong</p> <p dir="ltr">38:59 Human beings do not make lactic acid</p> <p dir="ltr">42:13 Lactate transport is even more alkalinizing to muscle</p> <p dir="ltr">47:44 Robert Robergs Fights an Uphill Battle in Clarifying the Sources of Acidity and the Alkalinizing Effect of Lactate</p> <p dir="ltr">1:01:08 What causes fatigue?</p> <p dir="ltr">1:05:15 Does CO2 contribute to acidity?</p> <p dir="ltr">1:13:45 Where is Glycolysis Getting Backed Up?</p> <p dir="ltr">1:23:10 Conclusiuons: What's realy going on with exercise-induced acidosis.</p> <p dir="ltr">1:26:34 Lactate supplements</p> <p dir="ltr">1:30:53 How to use this information in training for optimal performance.</p> <p> </p>
July 31, 2024
<p>D-lactate is commonly stated to be exclusively a microbial metabolite. </p> <p>This is found in assumptions within the medical literature for decades even when it was long-known to be false. </p> <p>While D-lactate is indeed made by bacteria, D-lactate is also inarguably and irrefutably produced by human enzymes.</p> <p>In this podcast, moreover, I will argue the following:</p> <p>Microbial contribution to D-lactate in humans under normal circumstances is negligible. </p> <p>I coin the term “the D-lactate shuttle” to describe a role for D-lactate that should eventually make its way into biochemistry textbooks alongside the malate-aspartate shuttle and the glycerol phosphate shuttle.</p> <p>The D-lactate shuttle operates alongside these other shuttles to balance the priorities of conserving cytosolic NAD+, reducing cytosolic acidity, bypassing complex I, or generating ATP. It is uniquely useful as a shuttle when there is an absolute deficit of niacin or NAD(H).</p> <p>D-lactate is an important contributor to gluconeogenesis that could account for up to 11% of it and rival an individual amino acid.</p> <p>While D-lactate concentrations in human plasma are infinitesimal, when the downstream metabolism of D-lactate and L-lactate are blocked by genetic disorders, the concentrations of the two forms are similar in plasma. This contrasts wildly with the common claim that flux through D-lactate is “minuscule.” Most likely D-lactate is produced in considerable quantities in liver and kidney but is rarely secreted into plasma because doing so would risk neurotoxicity.</p> <p>D-lactate should be taken seriously for its potential role in Parkinson’s and in neurological problems generally, for its role in diabetes, and for its extremely underappreciated roles in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the respiratory chain.</p> <p>Oxalate powerfully impairs D-lactate clearance, so D-lactate should be investigated as a potential link between oxalate and autism, and oxalate-lowering strategies should be seen as a way to improve D-lactate clearance and reduce its potential role in diabetes and neurological disorders.</p> <p>See the sections on riboflavin, zinc manganese, and glutathione in Testing Nutritional Status: The Ultimate Cheat Sheet, as well as Does CoQ10 Deserve a Spot on Your Longevity Plan? and the How to Detox Manganese guide for managing the relevant nutrients.</p> <p>Read the written version for live links and references:<br /> <br /> <a href= "https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/d-lactate-groundbreaking-research"> https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/d-lactate-groundbreaking-research</a></p>
July 12, 2024
<div class="available-content"> <div class="body markup" dir="auto"> <p>In this podcast we cover <strong>elevated creatinine</strong>,<strong> insomnia,</strong> <strong>cramps</strong> <strong>constipation</strong>, <strong>water retention</strong>, <strong>hair loss</strong>, <strong>irritation and anger</strong>, <strong>lightheadedness during lifting,</strong> <strong>bloating</strong>, <strong>aggravation of restless leg syndrome</strong>, <strong>irritation of asthma,</strong> <strong>bloody noses</strong>, <strong>anxiety</strong>, <strong>headaches</strong>, <strong>heart palpitations, twitching</strong>,<strong> </strong>and <strong>fast</strong> or <strong>slow heartbeat.</strong></p> </div> </div> <div class="visibility-check">The full podcast and article can be found here:</div> <div class="visibility-check"> </div> <div class="visibility-check"><a href= "https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/handling-creatine-side-effects"> https://chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/handling-creatine-side-effects</a> </div> <div class= "pencraft pc-display-flex pc-paddingTop-16 pc-paddingBottom-16 pc-reset _border-top-detail-themed_17s6c_47"> <div class= "pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-alignItems-center _flexGrow_17s6c_230 pc-reset facepile"> <div class= "pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-reset"> <div class= "pencraft pc-display-flex pc-alignItems-center pc-reset _faces_1w5wc_7 _size-40_1w5wc_15"> <div class= "profile-hover-card-target _profileHoverCardTarget_c9bh7_50"> <a class="pencraft pc-display-flex _flexAuto_17s6c_233 pc-reset" href= "https://substack.com/profile/116592149-kin-hang-lam?utm_source=post-reactions-face" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><picture><source srcset= "https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_80,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c2945ae-4d67-4200-b7c4-aef545b56aab_144x144.png" type="image/webp" /></picture></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
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